On private property, like your own driveway or a job site lot, Athens does not require a permit for the container. What the City does require is that waste stay in containers and that the site be cleared at least every seven days, so a container that sits full for two weeks is a code problem even on private ground.
The street and the sidewalk are a different matter, and the City's wording is strict. Athens prohibits encumbering any street or sidewalk with barrels, boxes, cans, or articles of any kind that interfere with free and unobstructed use. The code does list permit exceptions, but they cover sidewalk tables, chairs, and benches for a business, and a waste container is not among them.
In practice that means a container in the right-of-way needs the Service-Safety Director's own approval rather than a counter permit, and the fine for getting it wrong runs per day. Plan for the driveway or the lot if you possibly can.
There is one more rule worth knowing on delivery day. The City makes it unlawful to drop heavy material onto a street, alley, or sidewalk without first putting down sufficient protection, which is why the drivers set a container down rather than letting it fall.
For placement questions, the City of Athens Service-Safety Director is the official to ask, at 740-592-3340. City Hall is at 8 East Washington Street and is open Monday through Friday from 8 a.m. to 4 p.m. Your account manager can walk through your spot with you and get the right confirmation before the truck rolls.