Most building debris and household junk is fine to load. The hard limits come from California rules on hazardous material and electronics.
The City puts the state rule plainly: California hazardous waste rules bar residents from putting household hazardous waste in their trash. That covers aerosols, flammable fluids, household cleaners, oil-based and latex paints and stains, propane and helium tanks, used motor oil and oil filters, automotive fluids, pesticides, fertilizers, garden and pool chemicals, mercury thermometers and thermostats, and batteries of every kind.
Electronics are a separate ban. The City notes it is illegal to put electronic devices in the garbage, because of the heavy metals inside them, and fluorescent and LED lights have to be kept out of the carts as well.
Santa Clara County runs a household hazardous waste program by appointment for the items above, and the number is 408-299-7300. Sharps and medications have their own drop-off points around town.
Asbestos, liquids, solvents, and fuel stay out of any standard container, as everywhere. If you're unsure about one item, ask your account manager before it goes in.